USAID health and social sector programs are assisting Ukraine to: 1) reduce the transmission and impact of HIV/AIDS; and 2) improve health and social conditions. The United States Government puts a high priority on combating HIV/AIDS and Tuberculosis (TB) as well as fighting Trafficking in Persons (TIP). These initiatives are in response to the rapidly escalating HIV and TB epidemics as well as the status of Ukraine as a source, transit, and destination country for TIP. Other health and social priorities support family planning/reproductive health policies and services, prevention and control of avian influenza, family and community care of orphans and vulnerable children (OVC), and maternal and child health (MCH).

HIV/AIDS

Twelve partners implement USAID/Ukraine's five-year HIV/AIDS strategy (2003-2008) to reduce transmission and the impact of HIV. The HIV/AIDS strategy supports efforts to: strengthen the delivery of HIV/AIDS information and services; improve the enabling environment; and reduce stigma and discrimination associated with HIV/AIDS. Details of programs supported are available from:  

• Preventing Transmission Among Most At-Risk Populations (MARPs) and Care of People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) through a program "Scaling Up the National Response to HIV/AIDS through Information and Services" (SUNRISE) of the International HIV/AIDS Alliance.
    

• Preventing Mother-to Child Transmission of HIV/AIDS (PMTCT) through: 1) the American International Health Alliance; 2) the Program for Appropriate Technologies in Health (PATH); and 3) the Mother and Infant Health Project (MIHP II) with John Snow, Inc.
  

• Family & Community Care of HIV-Affected Children through: 1) the "Families for Children Program" of Holt International Children's Services, Inc.; and 2) "Preventing Abandonment of Children Born to HIV-Positive Mothers" of Doctors of the World.
  

• Controlling TB/HIV Co-Infection by: 1) the World Health Organization; 2) the Program for Appropriate Technologies in Health (PATH); and 3) the Constella Group.
  

• Reducing Stigma & Discrimination through: 1) International Relief and Development, Inc.; 2) the Ukrainian Citizen Action Network (UCAN) of the Institute for Sustainable Communities (ISC); and 3) Transatlantic Partners Against AIDS (TPAA).
  

• Improved Policies, Strategic Planning, Management, Monitoring & Evaluation through the Health Policy Initiative (HPI)  of the Constella Group.

Tuberculosis (TB) 

• Programs to prevent and control TB by expanding the internationally recommended Directly Observed Treatment, Short Course Strategy (DOTS) are implemented by the World Health Organization, the Program for Appropriate Technologies in Health (PATH), and the Constella Group.    

Family Planning/Reproductive Health (FP/RH)

• "Together for Health," a five-year project (2005-2010), promotes the adoption of modern family planning methods to reduce reliance on abortions, sexually transmitted infections and infertility. It is implemented by John Snow International (JSI) Research & Training Institute, Inc., at tel: +380-44-581-1520/1 or e-mail: akenney@fprh-jsi.org.ua. 

Orphans & Vulnerable Children (OVC), and Maternal & Child Health (MCH)

• The OVC program supports sustainable, replicable family care models for children, including HIV-affected children, through the "Families for Children Program" of Holt International Children's Services, Inc. and "Preventing Abandonment of Children Born to HIV-Positive Mothers" of Doctors of the World. 
  

• Programs for maternal and child health have two focus areas: improving maternal and child health services through the Mother and Infant Health II project with John Snow, Inc., and reducing micronutrient deficiencies in partnership with UNICEF. 

Avian Influenza (AI)

• Programs promoting AI public awareness and community mobilization are implemented by: 1) International Relief and Development, Inc. (IRD); 2) the Center for Ukrainian Reform Education (CURE); 3) UNICEF and 4) John Hopkins University (JHU).
  

• The provision of equipment and supplies to diagnose and contain AI is implemented by the Program for Appropriate Technologies in Health (PATH).
  

• Building capacity within local communities, the poultry industry, and veterinary and health service providers to respond to AI is carried out by the Health Policy Initiative (HPI) of the Constella Group.

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